Creating and Using Learning Targets and Performance Scales

Learning targets provide a focus for planning and enable teachers to work more efficiently.  These targets serve as communication tools that set forth a criteria for student success in each lesson.  It also functions as a feedback tool that can provide teachers and students with information about performance toward the learning goal.  These learning targets drive what is taught and include all activities, assignments, and assessments that will occur during the lessons or units.  The benefits of learning targets extend beyond the classroom for teachers as they faciliate communication between colleagues, coaches, and school leaders and provide a focus for their collaborative work in professional learning communities. 

Learning targets provide students with an accurate guide to what they need to learn on a day-to-day basis.  Using these targets establishes a clear criteria for what students need to demonstrate to successfully meet the expectations for each lesson and ultimately attain the academic standard.  When students grasp their learning targets, they often become empowered to take ownership and responsibility for future learning.  This will increase their level of engagement and should in turn increase student achievement. 

Please reflect on the following questions that align with the first chapter of Marzano's The New Art and Science of Teaching.

1. What desired mental states and processes should students have regarding clear learning goals? Why is it important for students to attain these mental states and processes?

2.  When the strategies in element 1, providing scales and rubrics, produce the desired effects, what behaviors will teachers see students display?

3.  How are scales and rubrics distinctly different from each other?  Describe a case in which you might design a rubric for your classroom's purposes, and describe a case in which a scale would be a better fit.

4.  In table 1.2, there are three general types of assessments. 1) obtrusive assessments, 2) unobtrusive assessments, and 3) student-generated assessments.  Obtrusive assessments interrupt the flow of instruction.  Teaching stops; assessments occur.  Typically, obtrusive assessments are pencil and paper in nature.  Classroom teachers tend to use obtrusive assessments almost exclusively.  Unobtrusive assessments do not interrupt the flow of instruction and commonly take the form of observations while students are working.  Student-generated assessments are the most unique and potentially powerful form of assessments because students determine how they might demonstrate proficiency on a particular topic.  student-generated assessments help develop student agency because they give some decision-making power to those who are being assessed.   
~When do these types of assessments occur in relation to the flow of instruction, and what qualities do these types of assessments typically have? 
~Which form of assessment has the most potential power, and why?

5.  Define the concepts of status and growth, how they relate to each other, and how both relate to students' scores on a proficiency scale.

Monday Marzano Madness MMM

The faculty and leadership of Myakka River Elementary will be fully engaged in monthly, structured, grade level professional learning activities that focus on instructional practices to increase student engagement. Admin will provide coaching and feedback to faculty during frequent walk-throughs about instructional practices focused on student engagement.

Charlotte county public schools adopted the Marzano elements 5 years ago to provide a framework for best instructional practices in the classroom.  Recently, Kristina and I attended a refresher Marzano professional development offered to all administrators.  Through this PD, I was re-certified and Kristina was certified with inter-rater reliability of the Marzano feedback tool.  The Marzano elements have not changed and we would like to revisit these elements in an effort to focus on instructional practices that will increase student engagement and therefore increase student achievement.  We understand the importance of providing you with expectations and will provide you with a reminder of what we will be looking for when we visit your classrooms.  Our role is to clearly communicate expectations and provide support so that all of you can be successful. 

After attending this morning’s principal meeting, reflecting on last week’s PPC meeting, and having several discussions with Kristina, we have decided that we want to postpone coming into your classrooms for formal observations until after the Winter Holidays.  We apologize for any inconvenience or added stress this may have caused, but we want to provide you with this time to review the expectations.  We know that there are several of you who already have observations scheduled, and we would be happy to visit your classrooms during that time to collect data using the CCPS expectations tool.  Please let us know if you would still like us to come in during that time.  We will need to reschedule the formal evaluation starting in January.   Our goal is to offer information related to these expectations through our Monday Morning Messages and Wednesday Morning Meetings.  We want to give you enough information so that you will be successful and comfortable when we come in for your formal observations.  We will continue to do frequent walk-throughs and will collect information and provide you with feedback.  If we are able to score any of the elements during these walk-throughs we will begin to collect that information on the CCPS google form.  This way, when we do come in for your formal observations, you will not have to worry about hitting all of the elements, since we hope to have several scored before that time.  During your preconference appointment, we can use this time to look at the elements that we have already scored and make a plan for how we will meet the additional elements or increase your current rating.  Please keep in mind that this process for continuous improvement is an ongoing process and not intended to be done with only one observation.  Similar to your classrooms, we want to provide you with a safe learning environment where you are comfortable expanding your skill sets.  We hope to minimize the threats as well as provide ample amounts of reinforcing feedback as you perform closer and closer to the expected levels of performance. 

To help us dig deeper into the CCPS expectations tool, we have purchased several additional resources from Marzano that we will pull information from to share with all of you.  If you would like to look at the resources in more depth, we will have them available to check out from our office for anyone who is interested.  We encourage you to look at the specific element rubrics that include the teacher and student evidence and desired effect of these elements.  This will help you gain a deeper understanding of what the expectations are in relation to these elements.  We want you to pay close attention to the applying rating of the elements.  The difference between the developing and applying rating is the monitoring component of the desired effect of the majority of the class.  This means that there is evidence that 51% of your students are meeting the desired effect of the element.  Our role in this process is to report what we see and hear in the classroom.  We may prompt discussions by asking questions that will require you to reflect on instructional practices that were taking place during our visits.   Please understand that ultimately it is up to you, the individual teacher, to grow as an instructional leader.  Your emphasis on Domain 1, classroom strategies and behaviors, will have the most direct effect on student performance.  We are here to support you and coach you along the way.   

Feedback as it relates to growing is KEY!

Good morning Mighty Manatees, 

Grace and I recently went to a very valuable training on inter-rater agreement (Marzano elements). We were trained on how to give informative feedback to drive instruction which ultimately produces student achievement. We spent hours digging into video footage- rating observations on the scales and rubrics, and taking accurate data collection notes that is pertinent to each element. We learned that your role in this process is very important, if not the most important. Our biggest take away from the training was learning how to script what we see and hear, and then share it with you can reflect on ways to enhance your teaching practices. 

As with anything, we have goals. You have student and grade level goals and we have goals as leaders. Goals within our district and goals with helping teachers learn and grow through valuable and reliable feedback. 

Our learning goals....
We will:

1. Be able to develop a common language and understanding of the elements and the research on which they are based upon. 
2. Be able to develop and refine our skills in observation and data collection during classroom visits. 
3. Be able to align teacher and student data with the appropriate elements included in the districts teacher evaluation instrument. Furthermore, leaders will be able to discern between high-impact and low-impact instructional behaviors. 
4. Be able to accurately rate teachers performance using the scales included in the instrument (inter-rater agreement)
5. Be able to plan and deliver feedback to teachers using conferencing strategies that reinforce effect teaching behaviors and increase the probability of influencing behavioral change. 

Marzano elements are no longer just used to evaluate teachers, they are MORE than that. Honestly, it should never have been viewed that way. The perception has been evaluation, but in reality it is used to teach. It's simply "good teaching." We are changing our views as it was meant to be: Learning, Teaching, and Evaluation. The expectation is that teachers use this to drive their instruction, it is a teaching tool. To understand teaching, one must understand learning. We have to learn what the elements mean and entail. What do they mean to you? What do they mean to your students? What do they mean to your classroom instruction? What do they mean to student success? What do they mean to getting an A? It's time to unpack the elements like we unpack the standards- dig deeper! Learning is knowledge of skills and strategies that help us be SUCCESSFUL! 

6 processes for influencing instruction

• A shared vision of quality student work
• Shared vision of quality instruction
• Sense of urgency for instructional improvement
• Effective monitoring and feedback on teaching and learning
• Frequent collaboration about teaching and learning
• Sit based, job-embedded professional development focused on strengthening instruction

Student’s achievement- what supports this?

• Quality of instruction (has a direct impact on student achievement)
• P and the P- People and Process
• Leadership- do not focus on structural changes, focus on instructional changes.

You are all leaders, you influence students' lives everyday. You encourage, motivate, and promote student achievement. Students come to school to gather, process, store, and retrieve information. They are learning how to learn. Effort plus attitude equals intelligence. We want them to take control of their learning like we do ourselves. They need to reflect on the process. Learning these elements is in our control. It's time we take control, we need to learn and reflect on the Marzano elements. As a school, we are going to move further to understand the elements to promote learning and growing. Yes, this will require time and effort, but in the end the outcome will be valuable.